What is psoriasis?

The basis of psoriasis is:

• excessive multiplication of cells;
• Type of change in the keratinocytes;
• The appearance of inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis.

Speaking of the chronicle of nature, it must be noted that if the young man appeared a small plate and it soon disappeared — that is to say, that in 20 years it can go back to see the new plaque. Psoriasis "sleeping", but not cured, and their behavior reminds us of a man who many years ago "cured" of alcoholism, but for the obvious reason, to avoid alcohol because after 30 years of sobriety to get to the roundabout.

Causes of psoriasis

The prevalence of psoriasis is very high: even in the successful countries of Western Europe is in the 2% of the population. To begin with the disease may at any age, but the debut often occurs at a young age, and only in 1/3 of patients occurs after 40 years. It is believed that the presence of family members with psoriasis significantly increases the risk of its appearance, and there is an autosomal dominant type of genetic defect (that is to say, it is not associated with Paul). But, more often, the causes of psoriasis are the effects of a number of factors adverse that contribute to changes in the body. The list of the most important of the causes of psoriasis:

• Chronic stress, emotional stress, adverse social climate;
• Microbial and viral infections, prone to chronicity, (for example, steptokokkovaya infection );
• Direct physical effects on the skin (excess friction, pressure, frequent exposure to the sun);
• A Trauma to the skin.
• The Hormonal imbalance. Psoriasis often occurs when they enter puberty, and rarely in the menopause. This is due to the influence of the thyroid gland and the hormones of the adrenal cortex;
• The taking of certain medications. This effect was observed in the lithium salts used in psychiatry, anti-malaria treatment chloroquine;
• Alcohol, especially beer. Contributes as a more severe course of the disease, as well as primary, the beginning;
• Obesity or excess body weight. There are indisputable facts that show that the people who had to bring their weight back to normal after years of excess, the psoriasis has almost disappeared and even psoriatic arthritis
• Climatic Factors. Psoriasis takes place on the beach, a warm, Sunny climate. But continental, humid and cold climate can help both at the beginning and the progression of the disease;
• The infection by HIV. This disease contributes to the appearance of a variety of diseases that "are" defect in the immune system, and psoriasis is no exception.

What happens to the skin, or the pathogenesis of psoriasis One of the psoriasis is a skin plate, flowing immune inflammatio, as well as in the joints, when psoriaticheskom arthritis. In blayshkah discovered many substances, for example, analogs of leukotrienes that attract leukocytes into the central inflammatio. The interaction of keratinocytes with immunokompetentnymi cells occurs area inflammatio, with the release of mediators of inflammatio. In psoriaticheskih blayshkah, and in the synovial fluid when present psoriaticheskom arthritis TNF-alpha, or tumor necrosis factor. The tumor itself has nothing to see with this name is historical. It is known that the TNF active in various chronic inflammatio.

In the skin there are several changes inflammatory, causing it is very typical for psoriasis, the triad of symptoms: spots, terminal protectors and a bloody dew.

• With a light poskablivanii plate (for example, a nail), is not typical of the grinding and exfoliation of the scales.;
• Under certain conditions (for example, after a shower, we dry the skin), you can lift the edge of the stairs and dispose of it in the form of a gray color, yellow as parchment, thin films, that sometimes comes in the area of 3-4 cm square it is a symptom of the terminal protectors;
• If in place of said film poskoblit still, there is the appearance of small drops of blood, like the dew, which is called the blood.

Can cause itching of the skin at night, the patient stryahivaet sheets with a lot of dead skin flakes, similar to the flour mixture with the bran, and the sheets can be droplets of blood. The characteristic symptoms of the acute phase.

Psoriasis — the initial stage, photos

Psoriasis plaques affect all the layers of the skin. In psoriasis, in the initial stages of the plate after full development, does not differ in its main features the usual plates, but in the beginning, it has the following characteristics:

• it is produced in the surface of the intact skin flat bump, a diameter of 1-3 mm;
• its clear borders;
• color: red or pink, occasionally bluish, especially in the psoriasis on the legs;
• the surface becomes friable, formed by layers of flakes, having a silvery-white hue;
• the plates are fused, the result is a major eruption.

With the phenomenon Kebnera main or a trauma to the skin, and it often starts psoriasis. Where localized rashes? Symptoms early stages of psoriasis can be seen in "favorite places." These include:

• The surface of the elbow and knee joints (and sometimes the back, this is called "inverse psoriasis");
• The sacrum;
• Volosennaya of the head. Lifting the hair, you can see to the edge of the red edge of the skin during exacerbation, slightly protruding beyond the line of growth of hair: "psoriaticheskuyu of the crown";
• Psoriasis "loves" to live behind the ears near the hair growth, and inside the ears;
• A few less commonly affects the major skin folds.

In some cases, the development of plaques contributes to intense itching. Often, this along with the redness of the skin in the periphery of said progressive stage of the psoriasis, when there is a new scales.

Psoriasis in the nails of feet and hands + photo

Nail psoriasis, affects almost 50% of the patients. Appear holes and stains. Its free edge is growing slowly, is of a yellowish colour that can raise suspicion for fungal disease. The body of the nail changes color, it seems as if the transparent areas, which are called "oil."

Very often, the loss of the nail suggests that the patient has psoriatic arthritis, or there is a tendency to develop it.

Being affected by psoriasis not all nails, but only in the feet or hands. And even if there is arthritis of the finger, the nail in the hand will not necessarily be struck precisely where the pain in the joints. Can be damaged by small fingers and fingers index bad. There is no direct connection.

Stage of psoriasis — exacerbation, stability, and regression

All the problems and the sadness have on the progression of the disease, when the symptoms of acute. In each patient the aggravation has individual character. Sometimes, the tension occurs in response to the "good cause". For example, the patient several years of Smoking. Decided that it has a harmful effect on psoriasis (and rightly so), he throws, but after a month add up to 5-8 kg. the result is a significant increase, which appeared on the weight gain and "ignored" the fact that the success of the fight against Smoking. The tension Despite the "special way", there are some common signs:

• Aggravation appears after a cold, sore throat, stress, binge;
• There is the appearance of new spots;
• Of the old spots expanded peripheries, the spot of "grow";
• Thickened layer of scales;
• Increases the itching. In the room where there lives the patient with psoriasis, it is better to put laminate and linoleum, as they are less visible of the skin flakes that appear in large quantities after the itching of the plaques;
• In severe forms there is greater pain in the joints, there is a General discomfort;
• For progressive stage characterized by the phenomenon of Kebnera. Any trauma to the skin becoming the new plates.

Stable state The reduction of the signs of exacerbation of psoriasis — plaques has not changed, the particular, it produces itching. "Shell" of a patient is filled a bit. In blayshkah stops the growth, is "psevdoartoficheskyi" bezel that can disappear and re-produce discomfort. Regression More often, the improvement starts from the center of the plate. Here begins the disappearance of the scales, there is a new skin. The peripheral area of the growth is pale and inactive, the result is a "garland" of rings and all kinds of strange points. If the rash has disappeared completely, it is often in this place, there is a patch of skin with a reduction of pigmentation. Very often back psoriaticheskih rash develops in the summer, when the patient is in the sun. Discord, on the other hand, are produced in the spring and in the autumn, when the skin suffers from a lack of sunlight.

• When a partial regression of the lesions, which often remain on duty plaques", which are localized in the region of the elbows and knees.

The types of psoriasis, especially on the skin

The ordinary, skin psoriasis there are several different types: actinic, exudative psoriasis skin folds, palms and soles. Nail psoriasis usually does not occur separately.

• The shape is very similar to the dermatitis. Scales localized on the scalp, behind the ears, the chest. The lesions are diffuse boundaries, are impregnated with oily skin and have a fat, thick and loose scales;
• In exudative psoriasis (which is more common in obesity) fluid, which impregnates the flakes, a small change in the symptoms. As a result, the scales lose their silvery hue, glued, and resemble to be a yellow crust;
• Psoriasis of palms of hands and soles of the feet, which is more common in people who develop a physical work (chronic injury), sometimes of rash isolated. Often develops hyperkeratosis, ;
• Psoriasis of skin folds mainly developed with a strong pathology for example, diabetes. Plaques arise around the navel, under the Breasts, perineum, and inguinal folds.

Sometimes psoriaticheskie the eruptions occur on the genitals. In this case, if you are the only symptom of the disease and psoriasis, the body is not, then there are certain difficulties in the differential diagnosis of psoriasis and urogenital infections. Psoriasis severe Familiarize yourself briefly with generalizovannimi forms of psoriasis is psoriaticheskaya aritrodermiya , pustuleznyi psoriasis and arthritis.

• psoriaticheskaya aritrodermiya there is nothing like the progressive stage of psoriasis, exciting the entire skin.

The skin becomes hot, the overall temperature rises in large amounts. Against the background of General aritrodermii not see the pattern of the previous psoriasis: everything is fused in a common inflammatio. This condition can cause aletrolitnye disorders and heart failure.

• When Pustuleznom psoriasis is characteristic appearance of the pustules, or ulcers.

These sores in the first sterile, and consist of neutrophils, but can infect. The disease is also severe, with symptoms of inflammatio, burning, and pain in the skin, a common reaction, changes in blood, increased ESR. Pustules fuse together and appear purulent "lake". The pustules are in different stages of development, and can also develop serious complications (kidney and heart).

• Psoriatic arthritis pain, often in hands and feet.

Sometimes pandaktilit – finger inflammatio, is reminiscent of "sausage", the skin has a tint bluish. As a general rule, in the first place, there are lesions of the skin, and then affected joints. Also affects the joints, spine, temporo – mandibular joint.

The involvement of the joints of the axial skeleton suggests an unfavorable evolution of the disease. In severe cases, the end-phalanges being completely destroyed and there mutiliruyushaya form of psoriasis.

Psoriasis treatment drugs, ointments and treatment methods

Must firmly remember: to complete the cure of the psoriasis is not possible, and a universal cure for psoriasis does not exist. But you can get permanent of the whole life of the remission, the normal state of health, and the total absence of plates.